Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is usually caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection.

Here are some key points about cervical cancer:

1. Risk Factors: Risk factors for cervical cancer include HPV infection, smoking, a weakened immune system, multiple sexual partners, early sexual activity, and a family history of cervical cancer.
2. Symptoms: Early-stage cervical cancer may not cause any symptoms, but as the cancer progresses, symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, pain during sex, and unusual vaginal discharge.
3. Diagnosis: Cervical cancer can be detected through Pap smears, HPV tests, biopsies, and imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans.
4. Treatment: Treatment for cervical cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these depending on the stage of the cancer.
5. Prevention: Cervical cancer can be prevented through HPV vaccination, regular Pap smears, practicing safe sex, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

It’s important for individuals to attend regular gynaecological check-ups and screenings to detect cervical cancer early when it is most treatable.